chemical+bonding

Chemical Bonding Guided Notes Name ES __ Whitney Chandler Due Wednesday September 29th

1 What is a chemical compound? a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight 2. How do chemical compounds form? by chemical union of two or more elements ot ingredients in definite proportion by weight 3. What subatomic particle is responsible for chemical bonding? electron 4. Where are the MOST stable elements located on the periodic table? they are the noble gases which located in the far right corner of the periodic table 5. How will incomplete outer shells affect chemical bonding? Be specific. the ones on the left bond the easiest the ones on the right don't bond at all(periodic table) 6. Discuss the American Chemist GILBERT NEWTON LEWIS. Reduce your discussion to the Electron Dot Diagram. Lewis structures are also known as electron dot structures. The diagrams are named for [|Gilbert N. Lewis], who described them in his 1916 article entitled //The Atom and the Molecule//. Lewis structures depict the bonds between atoms of a molecule as well as any unbonded electron pairs. You can draw a Lewis dot structure for any covalent molecule or coordination compound. 7. Ionic bonds form….. Ionic bonds for when two ions become attracted to each other through electrostatic force. The objective for an Ion is to obtain the electron configuration of a noble gas. 8. Give 2 examples of Ionic Bonds. Include the Electron Dot Diagram of each Example For example... Na (sodium - has a charge of -1 meaning it has one more electron than a noble gas) and Cl (chlorine - has a charge of +1 meaning it has one less electron than a noble gas)

So Na needs to lose an electron, but Cl needs to gain one. So when they are combined, Na shares and electron with Cl and then Na loses the electron to obtain a noble gas configuration and Cl gains an electron to obtain a noble gas electron configuration. This time you need two chlorines to use up the two outer electrons in the calcium. The formula of calcium chloride is therefore CaCl2.
 * //calcium chloride//**

9. What can happen when two or more atoms react? Fusion occurs when 2 whole atoms are combined. An example of this is in our sun. The intense heat and pressure in the sun combines 2 hydrogen atoms. The result of this fusion is a helium atom and an extreme amount of energy. 10. Covalent Bonds form………. Covalent bonds form when two nonmetals share an electron. 11. Give 2 examples of Covalent Bonds. Include the Electron Dot Diagram of each example.  12. Metallic Bonds form….. ==== 13. What are some properties of metals and metallic bonds. The physical properties of solid metals are:
 * conduct heat
 * conduct electricity
 * generally high melting and boiling points
 * strong
 * malleable (can be hammered or pressed out of shape without breaking)
 * ductile (able to be drawn into a wire)
 * metallic lustre
 * opaque (reflect light)

They all: BUT, they can have highly variable melting points, (from -39 ° C (mercury) to 3410 ° C (tungsten). <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">14. Give 3 examples of metallic bonds…… Include the Electron Dot Diagram of each Example.
 * Conduct electricity
 * Can be bent/rolled into sheets/shaped without breaking/drawn into chains